Today we begin to address
    
    The theme “Agrarian movements in La Unión 
 European
    
    (EU) ”, to raise our 
 position and demarcate with how official representatives and monopoly 
 The press on the protest or demonstration of farmers (Bauerkampf), 
 where they put everything as a tailor drawer under that concept of 
 Farmers, this is the great
    
    monopolists and other capitalists
    
    of the imperialist countries of the EU, which exploit agriculture as 
 a special field of capital investment and true farmers, 
 to the agrarian proletariat and the peasants.
   
    Protests against "reforms" or measures 
 EU agrarian, which show the contradictions, among those above, which 
 They develop in collusion and struggle, which causes the application of 
 measures or "reform" of the common agrarian policy of the EU (PAC) of 1962, to 
 serve the strategic interests of imperialist countries, which make up 
 That alliance, mainly Germany, the power that heads it, to treat 
 of recovering the step in their claims to contend for world hegemony.
   
    But, the contradiction of true 
 farmers - the agrarian workers and the peasants - against their exploiters, 
 although relegated in the media by the agrarian crisis, it develops and is a 
 objective fact that the increase in the price of food products collides 
 against the mass of consumer of the countryside and the city, most of which 
 They are the workers; as is also a fact that the taxes allocated to 
 Agricultural subsidies for large monopolists are part of the 
 plusvalia that capitalists extract from the exploitation of the proletariat and 
 This encourages contradictions. Agricultural grants and policy of 
 EU prices favors capitalist landowners and large 
 capitalists in the imperialist countries of the EU and the semi -feudal landowners 
 and great bourgeoisie in the semicolonial countries within the EU. The claims for 
 Subsidies and agricultural prices are against the proletariat.
   
    The "reform" is officially to answer 
 to the
    
     Structural change in agriculture
    
    , is defined as “the
    
     situation of the 
 Decline of small agricultural farms
    
    y
    
     Increase in size E 
 intensity of the remaining farms in almost all regions and countries 
 of the EU-27
    
    ”, Where imperialist countries and countries are counted 
 oppressed included in said alliance.
    
    "This increase (of great farms) has
    
     significant implications 
 For multifunctional paper and the resilience of European agriculture
    
    , 
 especially with regard to the support of the
    
     economic activity 
 and employment in rural areas
    
    , the increase in these, the 
 environmental quality maintenance, biodiversity protection and 
 the conservation of the landscape and its beauty ”.
   
    The problem of structural change on its own 
 Definition They are presented to them:
   
    "A substantial decrease in the number of 
 agricultural farms in almost all NUTS 2 regions of the EU-27, and a 
 prevalence of the adaptation strategies that entail
    
     An increment 
 significant the size or intensity of the remaining farms and/or a 
 greater dependence on union regarding agricultural imports
    
    . This 
 tendency to agricultural concentration results
    
     especially evident in the 
 South and Eastern Regions
    
    ”.
   
    This leads them to consider a new model 
 European Agrarian (MAE), which “underlines the process of long structural change 
 term. Unlike the cases related to a standard prototype of 
 agricultural management, dissipates the
   
     notion of a unique exploitation model 
 Agrarian and underlines the need for land management systems that promote 
 the
     
      multifunctionality and the provision of public goods as a central task 
 of European agricultural systems
     
     , highlighting the dynamic character of the 
 Evolution of soil management in the EU. (…) This change towards
     
      a 
 Growing diversity of agricultural models
     
     It has important
     
      Implications 
 for the
      
      Governance
     
     , but also 
 should allow an adaptation of agricultural systems according to their 
 Location in all European regions. In the future
     
      , el
     
      HE 
 will form by adaptation strategies adopted in each exploitation
     
     y
     
      along the value chains to respond to the challenges
     
      specific to each sector and external that 
 They are raised
     
     ”(Synthesis of the study on 
 «The future of the European agricultural model: socio -economic repercussions and 
 territorial of the decrease in the number of agricultural and farmers farms 
 in the EU ». The full study, available in English, can be downloaded at:
     
       https://bit.ly/3tSgpfa
      
     , Ipol | 
 Thematic Department of Structural and Cohesion Policies).
    
    "PAC reform" is presented as "a 
 Key policy to move towards more sustainable food systems. ” 
 Sustainable development ”, which covers three elements: economic, ecological, 
 social. About what we have just said and the above we will return 
 in the development of the subject.
   
    For now, it is appropriate to contrast with the 
 done what we have said at the beginning and we will read below in the details 
 Marx theoretics. Let's start with:
   
    “
    
     Farms 
 agricultural and land property
     
      The 
 Richer farmers in Germany are not farmers at all (web agr 
 Heute of 29.12.2023)
     
     (...)
    
     Big 
 Industry and commerce owners.
     
    (...) You can learn some things from 
 Statistics: Of the total of 262,800 agricultural companies registered in the census 
 Agrícola de 2020, almost 4 percent or 10,200 were legal persons or 
 societies.
   
    Of this group, 3,700 companies or 36 per 
 one hundred belonged to the so -called business group, according to the statistics of 
 Destatis, that is, to an agricultural holding company. At that time, these holdings 
 They managed an agricultural area of 1.84 million hectares. This 
 It represented more than 11 percent of the total agricultural area of Germany.
   
      These large agricultural companies are 
 They concentrate especially in eastern Germany and their owners are usually 
 multimillionaires or multimillionaires of industry and commerce
     
     . In the east, in Misklemburg-Western Pomerania, they manage between the 
 19 percent of the total agricultural area and 37 percent in Turingia, 
 depending on the federated state.
    
     The 
 agricultural holdings have huge surfaces
     
    And to make clear this high 
 Surface proportion: Depending on the federated state, farms 
 They have in total between 230,000 hectares and almost 300,000 hectares "under the 
 plow".
    
     The typical thing is that the money with which the holdings are bought 
 as a whole it normally comes from fonts completely different from the 
 agriculture
    
    .
   
    The names of the great owners, to 
 Those who like to work in secret, sound almost like the "who is 
 Who "of industry and commerce: German agricultural holding 
 known was undoubtedly the missing Ktg-Agrar, with Siegfried Hofreiter to the 
 Head, to be back with the law in 2023 entered into conflict.
   
    The great company that is quoted in the stock exchange 
 sometimes up to 45,000 hectares of land, mainly in 
 Mecklemburg-Western Pomerania and Brandeburg. Of these, about 20,000 
 hectares were their own.
   
    After the bankruptcy of KTG-Agrar in 2016, the 
 newly founded Deutsche Agrar Holding (DAH) took over a large part of 
 KTG surfaces and associated biogas plants and follow them 
 managing until today. The DAH is a Foundation of the Gustav Foundation 
 Zech, based in Bremen. Behind this there is a construction company and 
 Investor
   
    The Munichre insurance company also bought 
 Many lands of KTG agr assets and subsequently bought 
 other companies.
   
     The more land, the more Brussels money
     
    Other great investors with thousands of 
 hectares of agricultural lands are the pharmaceutical company Merkle, the founder 
 from Remondis, Rehmann, the Martin heating technology manufacturer 
 Viessman and the furniture manufacturer and owner of a Steinhof conglomerate.
   
    There are also the Great Industrial Silvio 
 Dornier, retailer Aldi Nord and the owners of the logistics company 
 FEGE. To name a few.
   
      However, there is a way to find 
 the owners and the lands behind the enormous agricultural exploitations and, 
 Therefore, at least part of the money that flows to these companies: they are the 
 direct payments that all agricultural companies receive
     
     .
    
    Some time ago, the Federal Government published 
 For the first time a summary of the structures of the great agricultural holdings 
 In Germany and
    
     EU agricultural payments assigned to the numerous 
 subsidiaries
    
    .
   
    According to this data,
    
     Dah Holding, based in 
 Oranienburg, Brandeburg, is the largest German agricultural holding company with more than 36 
 agricultural subsidiaries, or what is the same: it has the greatest amount of land
    
    .
    
     In 2019, around 5.36 million euros in agricultural payments of the EU 
 First pillar were allocated to the DAH.
     
     Bill 
 Gates: the largest owner of agricultural lands in the United States ”
     
    That is the subsidy system that favors 
 the "structural change" in benefit of large agricultural farms in 
 the EU-14 and the great estates in the EU-13.
    
    As the European Commission studies say
    
     :
     
      “
     
     The driving factors of the decline of agricultural farms are 
 mainly structural, economic and social and, to a lesser extent, 
 environmental.
    
    Factors such as subsidies and prices 
 agricultural, and macroeconomic and demographic variables perform a greater 
 paper in new member states and affect differently from 
 different types of farms.
   
    Prior studies on driving factors 
 of the agricultural structural change in the EU-27
   
    indicate that the main determinant of the 
 agricultural structure is the agricultural structure itself in the
   
    past.
   
    - The strong dependence on trends 
 structural regarding local conditions, which show that 
 main structural factor of the decrease in the number of farms is 
 a market structure that favors intensive production and 
 large -scale farms, linked to increasingly reduced margins and 
 to the low negotiation capacity.
   
    - In addition, barriers to entrance aggravate 
 the problems of demographic change (aging aging) and 
 Rural exodus.
   
    - Although there is concern about the system of 
 Union subsidies, consensus is maintained
   
    regarding such aids are 
 indispensable, but must adapt even more to reverse the
   
    Negative effects
    
    (Our Summary of “The Agricultural Model 
 European (MAE) (...) MAE dynamics ", of the summary of" The future of the model 
 European agricultural: socioeconomic and territorial repercussions of the decrease 
 of the number of agricultural farms and farmers in the EU ». The study 
 Complete, available in English, can be downloaded at:
   
      https://bit.ly/3tSgpfa
     
    ).
   
     Who favors subsidies?
     
    1. To the landowners: the official data 
 indicate that more than 60 percent of agricultural farms are 
 capitalist tenants who pay capitalist income from the land or to 
 tenants in the new member countries that pay the rent or tax to 
 landowners of those countries in "transition process", which for now the 
 We will call like this to use an official euphemism.
   
    2. To the great capitalists who invest in 
 Agriculture and the greats of bureaucratic capital in the new states 
 EU members, as the cited study says:
   
    "Since the PAC focuses fundamentally 
 in addressing economic issues (agricultural income,
   
    competitiveness, market pressures), a 
 disproportionate part of the expense is assigned to
   
    great farms, thus accelerating 
 implicitly the concentration processes ”(Political Responses of the Study 
 aforementioned. PAC: common agrarian policy).
   
      You have to differentiate subsidies 
 Agricultural of compensatory policies
     
     .
    
    The 
 governments mix both is to cover up the first prohibited by the rules 
 of the competition nationally and internationally (WTO), they go against the rules of 
 competition between capitalists, at present, under the conditions of the 
 monopoly or imperialist capitalism
    
     .
    
     Compensatory policies:
     
    They are the ones that apply, when it has been arrived 
 to a situation in which the peasantry not only has to give up its entire 
 gain the (plusproduct) but has to deliver part of what its 
 livelihood to stay, means that it has entered below the minimum 
 Salary physicist. For historical reasons, it can fall below the 
 Physical minimum value, then social compensation plans apply, the 
 philanthropy; "The peasant, the traditional settler was sunk in the 
 humiliation of poverty and everything under the pretext of being owners 
 private. "That is what afflicts small farmers, that afflicts 
 The miifundistas. The little peasant worldwide.
    
    The 
 governments, reactionary states, the European Union and the great 
 agricultural organizations, in redoubled collusion and reactionary struggle, which 
 They traffic demagogically with the interest of the peasantry and what they say 
 Represent it only represent the agrarian capitalists and the 
 Conservative peasantry, never to the revolutionary.
   
    We do not intend, 
 In these lines, offer a study or an article finished on the subject of 
 agrarian movements in the EU, which are widely and deep through 
 of the set data the situation in the agriculture in the EU or in a country 
 determined, such complex theme; These lines are only notes about the subject, 
 as a necessary effort to point out the complexity of the problem, seeking 
 Advance in your Esclareciminto and
    
    boost 
 your study and discussion to mobilize with the correct slogans to this part 
 of the population (the rural proletariat and the peasantry) in the countries 
 imperialists and oppressed countries that belong to the European Union, 
 Imperialist Alliance to seek to contend for world hegemony.
   
    The solution for the proletariat and the 
 peasantry in imperialist countries is its red republic, this is to do the 
 socialist revolution and develop it with the dictatorship of the proletariat and in 
 Oppressed countries develop the democratic revolution in progress 
 uninterrupted to the socialist revolution, both through popular war 
 directed by the Communist Party.
    
     1.
    
      It is necessary to specify the relationship between theory and reality
     
     :
    
    - The scientific value of all the thesis of the 
 Marx's abstract theory "is the ideal of capitalist production, but never 
 the reality of this ". All the laws of capitalism discovered by 
 Marx describes only the ideal of capitalism, but never their reality.
   
    - "We only set ourselves," Marx wrote - 
 present here the internal organization of capitalist production mode in its 
 Ideal measure "(in Ihrem Idealen Durchschnitt. Das Kapital, III, 2, 367; 
 trad. Russian, p. 688)
   
    - Capital theory assumes that the worker 
 Receive the total value of your workforce. This is the ideal of 
 capitalism, but in no way its reality. Income theory assumes that 
 The agricultural population is totally divided into landowners, 
 capitalists and salaried workers. This is the ideal of ca-
   
    Pitalism, but in no way its reality.
   
    -
    
     You have to differentiate
    
    , therefore,
    
     when 
 We talk about theoretical problems
    
    , d
    
     E When we talk about problems 
 concrete historical
    
    . In the case of the "Agrarian Movement in the EU", "Las Las 
 Abstract truths of the theory only represent the role of thread 
 driver, instrument for the analysis of specific data ”.
   
    The three 
 First details, preceded, come from a Lenin appointment, works 
 Complete, volume 4, p. 86 and the last of the same work cited p. 89.
    
     -
    
     The income of the Earth, we only address it to the extent that part of the 
 Plusvalía generated by capital goes to the landowner. Therefore, we assume 
 that agriculture, like manufacturing, is dominated by the mode of 
 capitalist production, that is, agriculture is carried out by 
 capitalists that initially differ from other capitalists only in 
 The element in which their capital and wage labor are invested 
 Post in motion by this capital.
    
    - If he 
 capitalist production generally presupposes the expropriation of 
 working conditions of workers, then in agriculture 
 presupposes the expropriation of the land of rural workers and their 
 subordination to a capitalist who is dedicated to agriculture for the purpose of 
 profit.
    
    - The previous requirement for the mode of 
 capitalist production is as follows: true farmers are workers 
 wage earners, employed by a capitalist, the lessee, who only practices 
 Agriculture as a special field of capital exploitation, as a 
 Investment of its capital in a special production sphere.
    
    -This lessee capitalist pays to 
 landowner, the owner of the land that explodes, a sum of money 
 Fixed contractually (as does the capital borrower 
 monetary) on certain dates, for example, for permission to 
 Use your capital in this particular field. of production. This sum of 
 money is called land rent, regardless of whether it comes from 
 cultivable land, construction works, mines, if you pay fishing, 
 forests, etc.
    
    - The 
 land rental, pay for all the time during which the owner 
 From the land he contained or rented the land to the lessee. Here, 
 Earth's rent is the way the property is made and used 
 economically.
    
    - In addition, we have here the three classes that 
 They constitute the framework of modern society, together and faced: the 
 salaried worker, industrial capitalist and landowner.
    
    The 
 Theoretical details that precede belong to Carlos Marx, Capital, t. 
 III, Sixth Section: Transformation of Plusganance in Basic Income, 
 Introductory information.
   
      Intensive and extensive agriculture, 
 capitalist estates and semi -feudal estates. Commercial agriculture and 
 subsistence agriculture and mystage of small agricultural producers
     
     .
    
    Is 
 important to have a clear idea of what these concepts mean to 
 differentiate the capitalist or semi -feudal character of agriculture in the EU, 
 both in the 14, especially southern Italy and Spain, and to these countries, 
 With the 13th of Eastern Europe. Thus, we can differentiate large companies 
 capitalist agrarian of the large agro -export companies of the 
 Semifeudal agriculture.
    
     Will continue